Alamo Archaeology Church Preservation - May 2

May 2, 2025

Investigations continued for the Church Preservation Project. Archaeologists completed final documentation of EU-2 and continued to work in EU-13. EU-1 was placed on hold for further documentation of the limestone alignment associated with the Hugo & Schmeltzer store. EU-12 was opened mid-week and is located near EU-13 in the sidewalk on the south side of the Alamo Church. All units had evidence of modern disturbance and no archaeological features were documented.

In EU-13, archaeologists excavated to approximately 90 cm below surface. The upper levels of EU-13 primarily consisted of modern disturbance, including old sidewalk base and construction fill. At approximately 70 cm below surface, archaeologists encountered intact cultural deposits. Artifacts within these deposits consisted of diagnostic Spanish Colonial ceramic and lithic stone tools, including a Guerrero point. Guerrero points are mission era projectile points and are periodically found onsite. The deposit was quite shallow and terminated roughly 80 cm below surface when archaeologists encountered culturally sterile deposits.

Guerrero Point artifact next to a ruler for size
Guerrero Point from EU-13
Ceramic and stone artifacts from an excavation unit next to a ruler for size
Expedient stone tool and Spanish Colonial ceramic from EU-13

Archaeologists in EU-12 excavated to an approximate depth of 90 cm below surface. Like EU-13, EU-12 consisted of modern disturbances in the upper 60 cm. A modern sidewalk needed to be removed prior to excavations, along with an additional sidewalk at 20 cm below surface. Similar to EU-13, intact cultural deposits were encountered at 70 cm below surface. Artifacts consisted of stone tools and diagnostic Spanish Colonial ceramic, including a Puebla Polychrome sherd. Puebla Polychrome is an early Spanish Colonial ceramic type dating between 1650 and 1725. It is distinguishable by its blue bands and black linear designs. At the end of the week, archaeologists terminated at 80 cm below surface when they encountered culturally sterile deposits.